Block #346,552

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 1/6/2014, 3:11:55 PM · Difficulty 10.2285 · 6,467,763 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
f2260583b44e70ea2517a2dc77c8971d68be55942f5a7fcf0052372e26afafbb

Height

#346,552

Difficulty

10.228459

Transactions

7

Size

1.66 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a3a7c47

Nonce

55,333

Timestamp

1/6/2014, 3:11:55 PM

Confirmations

6,467,763

Merkle Root

ed976555531c95cb413d671194788be8aa70f7bf4d1e10677fc774acb4f93ecc
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

9.624 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
96249471390309395687…20816108508418817279
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
9.624 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
96249471390309395687…20816108508418817279
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
9.624 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
96249471390309395687…20816108508418817281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
1.924 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
19249894278061879137…41632217016837634559
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
1.924 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
19249894278061879137…41632217016837634561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
3.849 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
38499788556123758274…83264434033675269119
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
3.849 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
38499788556123758274…83264434033675269121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
7.699 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
76999577112247516549…66528868067350538239
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
7.699 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
76999577112247516549…66528868067350538241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
1.539 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
15399915422449503309…33057736134701076479
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
1.539 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
15399915422449503309…33057736134701076481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,758,583 XPM·at block #6,814,314 · updates every 60s
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