Block #346,533

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 1/6/2014, 3:01:37 PM · Difficulty 10.2272 · 6,460,095 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
8fbf3d6c637ce586ee1d9aba41db6a4835f5387cbb7ce926490ee9c194a92c01

Height

#346,533

Difficulty

10.227174

Transactions

10

Size

2.62 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a3a2810

Nonce

63,179

Timestamp

1/6/2014, 3:01:37 PM

Confirmations

6,460,095

Merkle Root

1b3ed436d8b6a7f6918de13bea0794ec7c70ea59100a5cd44f718ecb2e72afce
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.119 × 10¹⁰⁶(107-digit number)
11193612917579714515…14010723995810164399
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
1.119 × 10¹⁰⁶(107-digit number)
11193612917579714515…14010723995810164399
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
1.119 × 10¹⁰⁶(107-digit number)
11193612917579714515…14010723995810164401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
2.238 × 10¹⁰⁶(107-digit number)
22387225835159429030…28021447991620328799
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
2.238 × 10¹⁰⁶(107-digit number)
22387225835159429030…28021447991620328801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
4.477 × 10¹⁰⁶(107-digit number)
44774451670318858060…56042895983240657599
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
4.477 × 10¹⁰⁶(107-digit number)
44774451670318858060…56042895983240657601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
8.954 × 10¹⁰⁶(107-digit number)
89548903340637716121…12085791966481315199
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
8.954 × 10¹⁰⁶(107-digit number)
89548903340637716121…12085791966481315201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
1.790 × 10¹⁰⁷(108-digit number)
17909780668127543224…24171583932962630399
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
1.790 × 10¹⁰⁷(108-digit number)
17909780668127543224…24171583932962630401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,697,124 XPM·at block #6,806,627 · updates every 60s
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