Block #346,286

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 1/6/2014, 11:12:49 AM · Difficulty 10.2243 · 6,460,091 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
7899d68fa200c05f2980022b5c6f6f96fe9d82edf833dbf298cf22835bacb353

Height

#346,286

Difficulty

10.224262

Transactions

8

Size

2.52 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a39693f

Nonce

13,963

Timestamp

1/6/2014, 11:12:49 AM

Confirmations

6,460,091

Merkle Root

68c91a4281158aa2fe8cfd64e560bb2319bb0bfdbb0a694ec40f1837feb95d36
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.415 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
14154077623191997412…30233993438205396839
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
1.415 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
14154077623191997412…30233993438205396839
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
1.415 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
14154077623191997412…30233993438205396841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
2.830 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
28308155246383994824…60467986876410793679
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
2.830 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
28308155246383994824…60467986876410793681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
5.661 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
56616310492767989648…20935973752821587359
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
5.661 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
56616310492767989648…20935973752821587361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
1.132 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
11323262098553597929…41871947505643174719
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
1.132 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
11323262098553597929…41871947505643174721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
2.264 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
22646524197107195859…83743895011286349439
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
2.264 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
22646524197107195859…83743895011286349441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,695,105 XPM·at block #6,806,376 · updates every 60s
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