Block #346,236

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 1/6/2014, 10:37:36 AM · Difficulty 10.2212 · 6,449,620 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
5b4929f59d8d09d284cca80a22418d377a35dcf7f555dae12deb6d314e98e06b

Height

#346,236

Difficulty

10.221233

Transactions

9

Size

2.99 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a38a2b7

Nonce

118,646

Timestamp

1/6/2014, 10:37:36 AM

Confirmations

6,449,620

Merkle Root

f521d5bcf485036c40e18f3b71c1b3e63c8fc55190a2a1e38f88ec58dd377c2b
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.795 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
17951975928152131367…23310488634715503999
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
1.795 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
17951975928152131367…23310488634715503999
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
1.795 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
17951975928152131367…23310488634715504001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
3.590 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
35903951856304262735…46620977269431007999
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
3.590 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
35903951856304262735…46620977269431008001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
7.180 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
71807903712608525470…93241954538862015999
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
7.180 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
71807903712608525470…93241954538862016001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
1.436 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
14361580742521705094…86483909077724031999
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
1.436 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
14361580742521705094…86483909077724032001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
2.872 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
28723161485043410188…72967818155448063999
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
2.872 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
28723161485043410188…72967818155448064001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,610,934 XPM·at block #6,795,855 · updates every 60s
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