Block #344,844

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 1/5/2014, 1:37:21 PM · Difficulty 10.2010 · 6,457,275 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
86fcaace3abc1584ec051133bee1a929448b0e7d0a6b1b9cf55d943994cc7ad1

Height

#344,844

Difficulty

10.200979

Transactions

7

Size

2.25 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a337357

Nonce

33,595

Timestamp

1/5/2014, 1:37:21 PM

Confirmations

6,457,275

Merkle Root

76564945a643fd7d4bbefdcb1c298bfcfd884300c31cea2910fc51b566939e02
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

4.709 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
47098831825932296435…79516776334050032239
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
4.709 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
47098831825932296435…79516776334050032239
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
4.709 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
47098831825932296435…79516776334050032241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
9.419 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
94197663651864592870…59033552668100064479
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
9.419 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
94197663651864592870…59033552668100064481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
1.883 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
18839532730372918574…18067105336200128959
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
1.883 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
18839532730372918574…18067105336200128961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
3.767 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
37679065460745837148…36134210672400257919
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
3.767 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
37679065460745837148…36134210672400257921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
7.535 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
75358130921491674296…72268421344800515839
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
7.535 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
75358130921491674296…72268421344800515841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,660,955 XPM·at block #6,802,118 · updates every 60s
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