Block #343,482

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 1/4/2014, 5:06:48 PM · Difficulty 10.1796 · 6,461,817 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
3f9d9f072601b82e1df48554bc8b494177aee8f155e97c73af2ef5f2ac728189

Height

#343,482

Difficulty

10.179647

Transactions

6

Size

3.38 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a2dfd5e

Nonce

613,504

Timestamp

1/4/2014, 5:06:48 PM

Confirmations

6,461,817

Merkle Root

295b44175aa7ef7886d8dc8506d76fedbd25ec56f941413e83f79d14559f5374
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

5.670 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
56700754422108152053…96662733045181556279
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
5.670 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
56700754422108152053…96662733045181556279
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
5.670 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
56700754422108152053…96662733045181556281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
1.134 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
11340150884421630410…93325466090363112559
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
1.134 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
11340150884421630410…93325466090363112561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
2.268 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
22680301768843260821…86650932180726225119
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
2.268 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
22680301768843260821…86650932180726225121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
4.536 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
45360603537686521643…73301864361452450239
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
4.536 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
45360603537686521643…73301864361452450241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
9.072 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
90721207075373043286…46603728722904900479
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
9.072 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
90721207075373043286…46603728722904900481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,686,468 XPM·at block #6,805,298 · updates every 60s
xpmprime.info is a work in progress. If you enjoy using this service you can support this project with a Primecoin donation.