Block #343,466

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 1/4/2014, 4:52:50 PM · Difficulty 10.1791 · 6,459,896 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
1f949d037d3bdde1ce444fbc63b57a609e84475950afc54ab21b194256e8ed95

Height

#343,466

Difficulty

10.179063

Transactions

8

Size

3.49 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a2dd718

Nonce

27,539

Timestamp

1/4/2014, 4:52:50 PM

Confirmations

6,459,896

Merkle Root

e126bee7843b6b4f6f9835ce5fcfd3278e9f8bd48f189cc1fa45cacda7ac80b5
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

7.078 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
70784920002073615272…22722604633079961599
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
7.078 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
70784920002073615272…22722604633079961599
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
7.078 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
70784920002073615272…22722604633079961601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
1.415 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
14156984000414723054…45445209266159923199
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
1.415 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
14156984000414723054…45445209266159923201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
2.831 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
28313968000829446109…90890418532319846399
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
2.831 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
28313968000829446109…90890418532319846401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
5.662 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
56627936001658892218…81780837064639692799
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
5.662 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
56627936001658892218…81780837064639692801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
1.132 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
11325587200331778443…63561674129279385599
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
1.132 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
11325587200331778443…63561674129279385601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,670,932 XPM·at block #6,803,361 · updates every 60s
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