Block #342,749

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 1/4/2014, 6:37:53 AM · Difficulty 10.1626 · 6,460,918 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
feb3c1611073e5ef5c2cd6e2da43694d012b56b2cac29345bb4bfd9e193f693a

Height

#342,749

Difficulty

10.162570

Transactions

12

Size

4.20 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a299e35

Nonce

316,180

Timestamp

1/4/2014, 6:37:53 AM

Confirmations

6,460,918

Merkle Root

cd1af4af14191b0165531744fa4f34ca5bccc28c38659b600355b0e002d36214
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

3.247 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
32478056248287153477…00045354982855951359
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
3.247 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
32478056248287153477…00045354982855951359
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
3.247 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
32478056248287153477…00045354982855951361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
6.495 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
64956112496574306954…00090709965711902719
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
6.495 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
64956112496574306954…00090709965711902721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
1.299 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
12991222499314861390…00181419931423805439
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
1.299 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
12991222499314861390…00181419931423805441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
2.598 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
25982444998629722781…00362839862847610879
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
2.598 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
25982444998629722781…00362839862847610881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
5.196 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
51964889997259445563…00725679725695221759
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
5.196 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
51964889997259445563…00725679725695221761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,673,372 XPM·at block #6,803,666 · updates every 60s
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