Block #342,269

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 1/3/2014, 11:15:18 PM · Difficulty 10.1558 · 6,457,090 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
e4918fe8e52c31f218949cad6f4e6546d28d1c1f5e19e0d941e84aca80eb0a90

Height

#342,269

Difficulty

10.155765

Transactions

8

Size

3.17 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a27e03c

Nonce

16,066

Timestamp

1/3/2014, 11:15:18 PM

Confirmations

6,457,090

Merkle Root

e7da2a7c44a94691b3d1fb3df17108601aa38ab89e1462c7a44beeb4376ca11d
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

6.722 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
67227636318338290483…36793952899017177599
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
6.722 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
67227636318338290483…36793952899017177599
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
6.722 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
67227636318338290483…36793952899017177601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
1.344 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
13445527263667658096…73587905798034355199
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
1.344 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
13445527263667658096…73587905798034355201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
2.689 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
26891054527335316193…47175811596068710399
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
2.689 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
26891054527335316193…47175811596068710401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
5.378 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
53782109054670632386…94351623192137420799
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
5.378 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
53782109054670632386…94351623192137420801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
1.075 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
10756421810934126477…88703246384274841599
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
1.075 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
10756421810934126477…88703246384274841601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,638,918 XPM·at block #6,799,358 · updates every 60s
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