Block #342,058

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 1/3/2014, 8:18:45 PM · Difficulty 10.1499 · 6,467,838 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
de877afbd2cfb97d2e58a9600b9ae8d99ca552fadf2e01f9275a0bb022f6912e

Height

#342,058

Difficulty

10.149918

Transactions

10

Size

3.80 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a266107

Nonce

76,259

Timestamp

1/3/2014, 8:18:45 PM

Confirmations

6,467,838

Merkle Root

f871c94a902dc41cfa9d77bffcebf4ce072137cf46312d87b699b553554c5606
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.174 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
11743847225093468977…19074459944670256799
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
1.174 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
11743847225093468977…19074459944670256799
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
1.174 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
11743847225093468977…19074459944670256801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
2.348 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
23487694450186937955…38148919889340513599
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
2.348 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
23487694450186937955…38148919889340513601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
4.697 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
46975388900373875910…76297839778681027199
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
4.697 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
46975388900373875910…76297839778681027201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
9.395 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
93950777800747751821…52595679557362054399
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
9.395 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
93950777800747751821…52595679557362054401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
1.879 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
18790155560149550364…05191359114724108799
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
1.879 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
18790155560149550364…05191359114724108801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,723,249 XPM·at block #6,809,895 · updates every 60s
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