Block #3,416,445

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 11/2/2019, 8:53:08 AM · Difficulty 10.9836 · 3,387,219 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
2d83e7a5e836ba5e3cf3fccc08bf5bf87c1b82822927c3d1a27a09ac91cfbaf6

Height

#3,416,445

Difficulty

10.983621

Transactions

15

Size

3.44 KB

Version

2

Bits

0afbce90

Nonce

145,313,746

Timestamp

11/2/2019, 8:53:08 AM

Confirmations

3,387,219

Merkle Root

6b4854f49bfd7a1dc9a14e4d037bf4dbc01b40a2126f96e10d1fdfc563cdaee5
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

9.968 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
99683467340717085417…81618146046443302401
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
9.968 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
99683467340717085417…81618146046443302401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.993 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
19936693468143417083…63236292092886604801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
3.987 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
39873386936286834166…26472584185773209601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
7.974 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
79746773872573668333…52945168371546419201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.594 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
15949354774514733666…05890336743092838401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
3.189 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
31898709549029467333…11780673486185676801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
6.379 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
63797419098058934667…23561346972371353601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.275 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
12759483819611786933…47122693944742707201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
2.551 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
25518967639223573866…94245387889485414401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
5.103 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
51037935278447147733…88490775778970828801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,673,347 XPM·at block #6,803,663 · updates every 60s
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