Block #340,899

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 1/3/2014, 2:38:35 AM · Difficulty 10.1329 · 6,469,700 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
312b077f07d3dc7a9a8509e5c4c229dce3c8cc9fe6993a1ada671a40b4043da4

Height

#340,899

Difficulty

10.132855

Transactions

9

Size

9.45 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a2202c5

Nonce

47,616

Timestamp

1/3/2014, 2:38:35 AM

Confirmations

6,469,700

Merkle Root

385d5932f80431d14f27e478d7448f9b22b77611fc5bfe131cc8a0b1ec6efe31
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.249 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
12497077815311883161…55468854916694886399
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
1.249 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
12497077815311883161…55468854916694886399
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
1.249 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
12497077815311883161…55468854916694886401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
2.499 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
24994155630623766322…10937709833389772799
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
2.499 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
24994155630623766322…10937709833389772801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
4.998 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
49988311261247532644…21875419666779545599
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
4.998 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
49988311261247532644…21875419666779545601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
9.997 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
99976622522495065289…43750839333559091199
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
9.997 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
99976622522495065289…43750839333559091201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
1.999 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
19995324504499013057…87501678667118182399
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
1.999 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
19995324504499013057…87501678667118182401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,728,880 XPM·at block #6,810,598 · updates every 60s
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