Block #340,782

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 1/3/2014, 12:43:42 AM · Difficulty 10.1335 · 6,476,080 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
b4ec522309ac880533d31f570cfa47e3096c32f863a4a60128b4d454af059b0c

Height

#340,782

Difficulty

10.133479

Transactions

8

Size

50.83 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a222ba7

Nonce

27,290

Timestamp

1/3/2014, 12:43:42 AM

Confirmations

6,476,080

Merkle Root

2e39a4c70b9dd42bc45d706e1ad36898fe711bbdf68a5c374e4dd2dacea92c5b
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

4.012 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
40126977617530635531…60182593339491167999
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
4.012 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
40126977617530635531…60182593339491167999
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
4.012 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
40126977617530635531…60182593339491168001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
8.025 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
80253955235061271063…20365186678982335999
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
8.025 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
80253955235061271063…20365186678982336001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
1.605 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
16050791047012254212…40730373357964671999
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
1.605 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
16050791047012254212…40730373357964672001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
3.210 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
32101582094024508425…81460746715929343999
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
3.210 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
32101582094024508425…81460746715929344001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
6.420 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
64203164188049016850…62921493431858687999
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
6.420 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
64203164188049016850…62921493431858688001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,778,940 XPM·at block #6,816,861 · updates every 60s
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