Block #340,490

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 1/2/2014, 7:52:05 PM · Difficulty 10.1333 · 6,473,741 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
395d8209ecd47a8d661b5d60c230195e96ab963e2cc95c633bcf19f8dbff21c9

Height

#340,490

Difficulty

10.133284

Transactions

14

Size

6.02 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a221eec

Nonce

409,240

Timestamp

1/2/2014, 7:52:05 PM

Confirmations

6,473,741

Merkle Root

810de91c0baeed25e7d0e119b38a6aa7ce4a4c9ddc2a1710aa73eaae871e3673
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

3.461 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
34611616646386503760…53559034364380781489
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
3.461 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
34611616646386503760…53559034364380781489
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
3.461 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
34611616646386503760…53559034364380781491
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
6.922 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
69223233292773007520…07118068728761562979
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
6.922 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
69223233292773007520…07118068728761562981
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
1.384 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
13844646658554601504…14236137457523125959
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
1.384 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
13844646658554601504…14236137457523125961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
2.768 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
27689293317109203008…28472274915046251919
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
2.768 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
27689293317109203008…28472274915046251921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
5.537 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
55378586634218406016…56944549830092503839
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
5.537 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
55378586634218406016…56944549830092503841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,757,919 XPM·at block #6,814,230 · updates every 60s
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