Block #340,417

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 1/2/2014, 6:36:54 PM · Difficulty 10.1326 · 6,468,671 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
8d5f7b1b2faffc1c0e9aa7ac5ba0a10a18a15bbfc22feaa1e7c994c5dc618555

Height

#340,417

Difficulty

10.132558

Transactions

6

Size

3.34 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a21ef50

Nonce

54,226

Timestamp

1/2/2014, 6:36:54 PM

Confirmations

6,468,671

Merkle Root

20e5d6042843a91942c64126636aeedcaa5efb93ff8cc4d719dad51bc82ecb5e
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

3.391 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
33919561466336932491…19601005196699073199
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
3.391 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
33919561466336932491…19601005196699073199
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
3.391 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
33919561466336932491…19601005196699073201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
6.783 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
67839122932673864983…39202010393398146399
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
6.783 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
67839122932673864983…39202010393398146401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
1.356 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
13567824586534772996…78404020786796292799
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
1.356 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
13567824586534772996…78404020786796292801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
2.713 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
27135649173069545993…56808041573592585599
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
2.713 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
27135649173069545993…56808041573592585601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
5.427 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
54271298346139091987…13616083147185171199
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
5.427 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
54271298346139091987…13616083147185171201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,716,764 XPM·at block #6,809,087 · updates every 60s
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