Block #339,898

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 1/2/2014, 10:20:25 AM · Difficulty 10.1290 · 6,476,776 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
f03ac8386c119ded75edd18528e5d2292a28bc3e99e9ee8333f989c54bbd7ea4

Height

#339,898

Difficulty

10.128997

Transactions

8

Size

1.74 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a2105f8

Nonce

395,529

Timestamp

1/2/2014, 10:20:25 AM

Confirmations

6,476,776

Merkle Root

a7c82fb7c31dd541b2a2b085fa910a71ea717ac45adc7a3754851b1df51328e3
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

5.284 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
52846188043985984806…12496160901223639999
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
5.284 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
52846188043985984806…12496160901223639999
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
5.284 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
52846188043985984806…12496160901223640001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
1.056 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
10569237608797196961…24992321802447279999
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
1.056 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
10569237608797196961…24992321802447280001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
2.113 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
21138475217594393922…49984643604894559999
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
2.113 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
21138475217594393922…49984643604894560001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
4.227 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
42276950435188787845…99969287209789119999
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
4.227 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
42276950435188787845…99969287209789120001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
8.455 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
84553900870377575690…99938574419578239999
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
8.455 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
84553900870377575690…99938574419578240001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,777,510 XPM·at block #6,816,673 · updates every 60s
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