Block #339,844

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 1/2/2014, 9:19:59 AM · Difficulty 10.1300 · 6,468,877 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
0a4751f014003f4d3b30c794d4e2b7a49376a1116109038fd01249d7700ce7f9

Height

#339,844

Difficulty

10.130033

Transactions

15

Size

4.77 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a2149d8

Nonce

31,817

Timestamp

1/2/2014, 9:19:59 AM

Confirmations

6,468,877

Merkle Root

3ed8a87ab8ccc35722f7e28286334ec7277c25b84194cb7468a599820d9bc389
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

4.794 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
47949782504095462768…91734535018942165119
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
4.794 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
47949782504095462768…91734535018942165119
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
4.794 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
47949782504095462768…91734535018942165121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
9.589 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
95899565008190925536…83469070037884330239
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
9.589 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
95899565008190925536…83469070037884330241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
1.917 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
19179913001638185107…66938140075768660479
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
1.917 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
19179913001638185107…66938140075768660481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
3.835 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
38359826003276370214…33876280151537320959
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
3.835 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
38359826003276370214…33876280151537320961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
7.671 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
76719652006552740428…67752560303074641919
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
7.671 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
76719652006552740428…67752560303074641921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,713,812 XPM·at block #6,808,720 · updates every 60s
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