Block #339,841

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 1/2/2014, 9:14:39 AM · Difficulty 10.1305 · 6,462,389 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
5e2c4fe76c60ad6a061bbe9feafd644d816fdb66f71324caf6f681635e72316a

Height

#339,841

Difficulty

10.130473

Transactions

15

Size

6.94 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a2166ab

Nonce

17,024

Timestamp

1/2/2014, 9:14:39 AM

Confirmations

6,462,389

Merkle Root

2d0cfcd5b952a144d1ae405f60727f5781ca08127155208b0e6e15c2a09df1e1
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.962 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
19625067371554246790…67322829106517539839
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
1.962 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
19625067371554246790…67322829106517539839
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
1.962 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
19625067371554246790…67322829106517539841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
3.925 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
39250134743108493580…34645658213035079679
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
3.925 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
39250134743108493580…34645658213035079681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
7.850 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
78500269486216987160…69291316426070159359
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
7.850 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
78500269486216987160…69291316426070159361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
1.570 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
15700053897243397432…38582632852140318719
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
1.570 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
15700053897243397432…38582632852140318721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
3.140 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
31400107794486794864…77165265704280637439
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
3.140 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
31400107794486794864…77165265704280637441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,661,847 XPM·at block #6,802,229 · updates every 60s
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