Block #339,392

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 1/2/2014, 1:57:32 AM · Difficulty 10.1280 · 6,469,722 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
8d1798077d74a0db2992574c84efb50b3021988e88de51003d41e70a36f141a6

Height

#339,392

Difficulty

10.128019

Transactions

11

Size

3.35 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a20c5d6

Nonce

61,439

Timestamp

1/2/2014, 1:57:32 AM

Confirmations

6,469,722

Merkle Root

35e2c7978f723fedb56dfb5443395967482a28008584829681b32e0bc1aebce9
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.936 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
29368500141660366909…64460636100830081359
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
2.936 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
29368500141660366909…64460636100830081359
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
2.936 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
29368500141660366909…64460636100830081361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
5.873 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
58737000283320733818…28921272201660162719
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
5.873 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
58737000283320733818…28921272201660162721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
1.174 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
11747400056664146763…57842544403320325439
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
1.174 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
11747400056664146763…57842544403320325441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
2.349 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
23494800113328293527…15685088806640650879
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
2.349 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
23494800113328293527…15685088806640650881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
4.698 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
46989600226656587054…31370177613281301759
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
4.698 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
46989600226656587054…31370177613281301761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,716,969 XPM·at block #6,809,113 · updates every 60s
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