Block #339,083

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 1/1/2014, 8:48:02 PM · Difficulty 10.1278 · 6,469,482 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
08be6ab6cb222de5efd192d2ee8a0bf893caf2f6acc8e49ea92caa4dbcac3c8a

Height

#339,083

Difficulty

10.127823

Transactions

8

Size

2.52 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a20b903

Nonce

4,101

Timestamp

1/1/2014, 8:48:02 PM

Confirmations

6,469,482

Merkle Root

54b9a3fdb582b1d8200a4c1c7d76a99cc8d2a10b02277d788b0b4ef79f2a4840
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

4.626 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
46266052412387286049…50741400388883246659
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
4.626 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
46266052412387286049…50741400388883246659
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
4.626 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
46266052412387286049…50741400388883246661
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
9.253 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
92532104824774572099…01482800777766493319
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
9.253 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
92532104824774572099…01482800777766493321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
1.850 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
18506420964954914419…02965601555532986639
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
1.850 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
18506420964954914419…02965601555532986641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
3.701 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
37012841929909828839…05931203111065973279
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
3.701 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
37012841929909828839…05931203111065973281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
7.402 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
74025683859819657679…11862406222131946559
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
7.402 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
74025683859819657679…11862406222131946561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,712,578 XPM·at block #6,808,564 · updates every 60s
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