Block #339,065

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 1/1/2014, 8:27:28 PM · Difficulty 10.1281 · 6,466,725 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
0eaf496d0fd669f6cd9d8a3a6786a4e5b4db27ec5d9977b3a2a1890e13b2e596

Height

#339,065

Difficulty

10.128145

Transactions

9

Size

2.95 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a20ce1e

Nonce

5,559

Timestamp

1/1/2014, 8:27:28 PM

Confirmations

6,466,725

Merkle Root

9da11bbed3c539bab21293bf1f6991c238b71df9deffc97344f5a7310de2ef73
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.620 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
16209936745415474664…28442468091044647039
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
1.620 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
16209936745415474664…28442468091044647039
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
1.620 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
16209936745415474664…28442468091044647041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
3.241 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
32419873490830949328…56884936182089294079
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
3.241 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
32419873490830949328…56884936182089294081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
6.483 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
64839746981661898657…13769872364178588159
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
6.483 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
64839746981661898657…13769872364178588161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
1.296 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
12967949396332379731…27539744728357176319
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
1.296 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
12967949396332379731…27539744728357176321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
2.593 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
25935898792664759463…55079489456714352639
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
2.593 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
25935898792664759463…55079489456714352641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,690,408 XPM·at block #6,805,789 · updates every 60s
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