Block #338,027

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 1/1/2014, 3:26:52 AM · Difficulty 10.1248 · 6,477,926 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
bce4945a03c64b081a1d645df725ef735b9e106eb54ae9a137904238b12a9638

Height

#338,027

Difficulty

10.124791

Transactions

10

Size

3.06 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a1ff24c

Nonce

98,863

Timestamp

1/1/2014, 3:26:52 AM

Confirmations

6,477,926

Merkle Root

76b3280f6f93d5e420103ec278d57fc7d305d574fc172d3ec6377caca23775dc
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

3.616 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
36169149892026108816…31162090175589437439
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
3.616 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
36169149892026108816…31162090175589437439
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
3.616 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
36169149892026108816…31162090175589437441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
7.233 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
72338299784052217633…62324180351178874879
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
7.233 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
72338299784052217633…62324180351178874881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
1.446 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
14467659956810443526…24648360702357749759
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
1.446 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
14467659956810443526…24648360702357749761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
2.893 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
28935319913620887053…49296721404715499519
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
2.893 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
28935319913620887053…49296721404715499521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
5.787 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
57870639827241774106…98593442809430999039
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
5.787 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
57870639827241774106…98593442809430999041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,771,737 XPM·at block #6,815,952 · updates every 60s
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