Block #337,924

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 1/1/2014, 1:36:25 AM · Difficulty 10.1260 · 6,457,432 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
cd8618d960a16afd38ca04cde0973372f7117fbb37e1d257ce736f6e4bc01602

Height

#337,924

Difficulty

10.125982

Transactions

8

Size

2.41 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a204059

Nonce

89,281

Timestamp

1/1/2014, 1:36:25 AM

Confirmations

6,457,432

Merkle Root

36cd479d1e9316fe4b21cb1f95c288734a54840bebf8934de82535be6936abe0
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

9.956 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
99560449776058474146…13832253500500121599
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
9.956 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
99560449776058474146…13832253500500121599
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
9.956 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
99560449776058474146…13832253500500121601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
1.991 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
19912089955211694829…27664507001000243199
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
1.991 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
19912089955211694829…27664507001000243201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
3.982 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
39824179910423389658…55329014002000486399
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
3.982 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
39824179910423389658…55329014002000486401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
7.964 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
79648359820846779317…10658028004000972799
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
7.964 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
79648359820846779317…10658028004000972801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
1.592 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
15929671964169355863…21316056008001945599
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
1.592 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
15929671964169355863…21316056008001945601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,606,902 XPM·at block #6,795,355 · updates every 60s
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