Block #337,195

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 12/31/2013, 12:14:21 PM · Difficulty 10.1382 · 6,466,090 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
bbc8a4bad2014c698ea730adf52e7ace5ae29a30037a19f34deea09ed0075590

Height

#337,195

Difficulty

10.138184

Transactions

5

Size

1.08 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a23600d

Nonce

15,639

Timestamp

12/31/2013, 12:14:21 PM

Confirmations

6,466,090

Merkle Root

beadadbdce0135614905fc05a1d0552b3ab78e0b0c35c296d4c158f00e46f20e
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

3.874 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
38744655567389499173…08388572908422364161
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
3.874 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
38744655567389499173…08388572908422364161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
7.748 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
77489311134778998346…16777145816844728321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.549 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
15497862226955799669…33554291633689456641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
3.099 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
30995724453911599338…67108583267378913281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
6.199 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
61991448907823198677…34217166534757826561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
1.239 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
12398289781564639735…68434333069515653121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
2.479 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
24796579563129279470…36868666139031306241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
4.959 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
49593159126258558941…73737332278062612481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
9.918 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
99186318252517117883…47474664556125224961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
1.983 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
19837263650503423576…94949329112250449921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,670,305 XPM·at block #6,803,284 · updates every 60s
xpmprime.info is a work in progress. If you enjoy using this service you can support this project with a Primecoin donation.