Block #336,688

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 12/31/2013, 3:33:28 AM · Difficulty 10.1409 · 6,462,097 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
024dbc84750df76793febfadfb54837279eb8d124700e0b6f92b6ef146e4488c

Height

#336,688

Difficulty

10.140906

Transactions

19

Size

6.27 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a24126c

Nonce

28,985

Timestamp

12/31/2013, 3:33:28 AM

Confirmations

6,462,097

Merkle Root

24da3d371380a612f04e2a339dc7368cb81284e7a5b283f9977968305b66d01b
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

9.467 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
94673991011119254624…55666690408888133119
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
9.467 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
94673991011119254624…55666690408888133119
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
9.467 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
94673991011119254624…55666690408888133121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
1.893 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
18934798202223850924…11333380817776266239
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
1.893 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
18934798202223850924…11333380817776266241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
3.786 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
37869596404447701849…22666761635552532479
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
3.786 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
37869596404447701849…22666761635552532481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
7.573 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
75739192808895403699…45333523271105064959
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
7.573 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
75739192808895403699…45333523271105064961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
1.514 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
15147838561779080739…90667046542210129919
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
1.514 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
15147838561779080739…90667046542210129921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,634,310 XPM·at block #6,798,784 · updates every 60s
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