Block #336,370

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 12/30/2013, 10:08:59 PM · Difficulty 10.1418 · 6,456,093 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
a86fc217e6ce1ef952415c6e155f5a4119ecebf1dcda974717921b8086d6a669

Height

#336,370

Difficulty

10.141784

Transactions

7

Size

2.47 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a244bf0

Nonce

74,715

Timestamp

12/30/2013, 10:08:59 PM

Confirmations

6,456,093

Merkle Root

a52e3d0b1df72de79e02bcf63300c51b439824a89fa476dca86ab395009380a1
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.076 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
10761379115783088784…46381910069237122839
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
1.076 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
10761379115783088784…46381910069237122839
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
1.076 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
10761379115783088784…46381910069237122841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
2.152 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
21522758231566177568…92763820138474245679
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
2.152 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
21522758231566177568…92763820138474245681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
4.304 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
43045516463132355137…85527640276948491359
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
4.304 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
43045516463132355137…85527640276948491361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
8.609 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
86091032926264710275…71055280553896982719
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
8.609 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
86091032926264710275…71055280553896982721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
1.721 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
17218206585252942055…42110561107793965439
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
1.721 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
17218206585252942055…42110561107793965441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,583,665 XPM·at block #6,792,462 · updates every 60s
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