Block #336,296

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 12/30/2013, 8:49:39 PM · Difficulty 10.1428 · 6,474,774 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
50e1ff6dab51cea1144dcb27476def76c7fdc52c60d53c930f53c21aa21c1947

Height

#336,296

Difficulty

10.142774

Transactions

16

Size

4.94 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a248cd1

Nonce

291,758

Timestamp

12/30/2013, 8:49:39 PM

Confirmations

6,474,774

Merkle Root

5b559f35111086c6c1c0bb17cc980b1b9bf3edcbd58b7bfaab04e300e2ade931
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.042 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
20424090935067101871…67236994196184207359
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
2.042 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
20424090935067101871…67236994196184207359
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
2.042 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
20424090935067101871…67236994196184207361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
4.084 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
40848181870134203743…34473988392368414719
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
4.084 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
40848181870134203743…34473988392368414721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
8.169 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
81696363740268407486…68947976784736829439
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
8.169 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
81696363740268407486…68947976784736829441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
1.633 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
16339272748053681497…37895953569473658879
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
1.633 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
16339272748053681497…37895953569473658881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
3.267 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
32678545496107362994…75791907138947317759
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
3.267 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
32678545496107362994…75791907138947317761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,732,667 XPM·at block #6,811,069 · updates every 60s
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