Block #335,275

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 12/30/2013, 2:42:48 AM · Difficulty 10.1536 · 6,468,388 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
6458b89cb0fb7235226fd6d4ac1804523b279dda49e743bc053a67b951c76510

Height

#335,275

Difficulty

10.153608

Transactions

25

Size

10.23 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a2752e1

Nonce

491,026

Timestamp

12/30/2013, 2:42:48 AM

Confirmations

6,468,388

Merkle Root

8d71f9b7de9d9a8e13eb51592a72ba09e55192427f8799b96955fb3717af4fb0
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

7.606 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
76065233720109177209…43667151762402383359
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
7.606 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
76065233720109177209…43667151762402383359
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
7.606 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
76065233720109177209…43667151762402383361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
1.521 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
15213046744021835441…87334303524804766719
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
1.521 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
15213046744021835441…87334303524804766721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
3.042 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
30426093488043670883…74668607049609533439
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
3.042 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
30426093488043670883…74668607049609533441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
6.085 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
60852186976087341767…49337214099219066879
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
6.085 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
60852186976087341767…49337214099219066881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
1.217 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
12170437395217468353…98674428198438133759
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
1.217 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
12170437395217468353…98674428198438133761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,673,339 XPM·at block #6,803,662 · updates every 60s
xpmprime.info is a work in progress. If you enjoy using this service you can support this project with a Primecoin donation.