Block #333,715

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 12/28/2013, 11:49:14 PM · Difficulty 10.1615 · 6,462,916 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
dc534e8bcdb0b370ae741eddd4ffa7f3affe4a3d228f2d4dc403a4ef11fa5407

Height

#333,715

Difficulty

10.161525

Transactions

1

Size

1004 B

Version

2

Bits

0a2959b5

Nonce

9,241

Timestamp

12/28/2013, 11:49:14 PM

Confirmations

6,462,916

Merkle Root

1b5502ed88ebf524cb97dedfcd7bf0222cb20d3113eade8a4d37289dab9c40c9
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.156 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
11567225909322505471…75909505716295765761
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
1.156 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
11567225909322505471…75909505716295765761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
2.313 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
23134451818645010942…51819011432591531521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
4.626 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
46268903637290021884…03638022865183063041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
9.253 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
92537807274580043769…07276045730366126081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.850 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
18507561454916008753…14552091460732252161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
3.701 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
37015122909832017507…29104182921464504321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
7.403 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
74030245819664035015…58208365842929008641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.480 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
14806049163932807003…16416731685858017281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
2.961 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
29612098327865614006…32833463371716034561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
5.922 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
59224196655731228012…65666926743432069121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,617,048 XPM·at block #6,796,630 · updates every 60s
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