Block #331,663

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

9.060 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)

90600101563899932451…77247949524024681599

Discovered Prime Numbers

p_k = 2^k × origin − 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

origin − 1

9.060 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)

90600101563899932451…77247949524024681599

Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

×2+1 →

2^1 × origin − 1

1.812 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)

18120020312779986490…54495899048049363199

Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

×2+1 →

2^2 × origin − 1

3.624 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)

36240040625559972980…08991798096098726399

Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

×2+1 →

2^3 × origin − 1

7.248 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)

72480081251119945961…17983596192197452799

Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

×2+1 →

2^4 × origin − 1

1.449 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)

14496016250223989192…35967192384394905599

Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

×2+1 →

2^5 × origin − 1

2.899 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)

28992032500447978384…71934384768789811199

Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

×2+1 →

2^6 × origin − 1

5.798 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)

57984065000895956768…43868769537579622399

Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

×2+1 →

2^7 × origin − 1

1.159 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)

11596813000179191353…87737539075159244799

Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

×2+1 →

2^8 × origin − 1

2.319 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)

23193626000358382707…75475078150318489599

Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

×2+1 →

2^9 × origin − 1

4.638 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)

46387252000716765415…50950156300636979199

Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the First Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆

Rarity

UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)

Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 1CC formula:

1CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ + 1, p₃ = 2p₂ + 1, …

Cross-reference on Chainz Explorer

Block #331,663

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