Block #331,359

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

3.886 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)

38868467315827413981…52237525683896432641

Discovered Prime Numbers

p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

origin + 1

3.886 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)

38868467315827413981…52237525683896432641

Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

×2−1 →

2^1 × origin + 1

7.773 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)

77736934631654827963…04475051367792865281

Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

×2−1 →

2^2 × origin + 1

1.554 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)

15547386926330965592…08950102735585730561

Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

×2−1 →

2^3 × origin + 1

3.109 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)

31094773852661931185…17900205471171461121

Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

×2−1 →

2^4 × origin + 1

6.218 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)

62189547705323862370…35800410942342922241

Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

×2−1 →

2^5 × origin + 1

1.243 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)

12437909541064772474…71600821884685844481

Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

×2−1 →

2^6 × origin + 1

2.487 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)

24875819082129544948…43201643769371688961

Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

×2−1 →

2^7 × origin + 1

4.975 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)

49751638164259089896…86403287538743377921

Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

×2−1 →

2^8 × origin + 1

9.950 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)

99503276328518179792…72806575077486755841

Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

×2−1 →

2^9 × origin + 1

1.990 × 10¹⁰⁵(106-digit number)

19900655265703635958…45613150154973511681

Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆

Rarity

UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)

Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …

Cross-reference on Chainz Explorer