Block #331,047

1CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the First Kind · Discovered 12/27/2013, 2:47:15 AM · Difficulty 10.1662 · 6,472,721 confirmations

1CC
Cunningham Chain of the First Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime plus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
1f484e40c6a0e43433e77703f77acecf93c91508dee6f5efcb346e58cf59f33e

Height

#331,047

Difficulty

10.166233

Transactions

29

Size

9.93 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a2a8e46

Nonce

322,280

Timestamp

12/27/2013, 2:47:15 AM

Confirmations

6,472,721

Merkle Root

f519b6164891e3e80805101a530cba496d3f582ccfd841659d8fdcccf49d368a
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

8.714 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
87144774710269953299…67277041415506753279
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin − 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin − 1
8.714 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
87144774710269953299…67277041415506753279
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
2
2^1 × origin − 1
1.742 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
17428954942053990659…34554082831013506559
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
3
2^2 × origin − 1
3.485 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
34857909884107981319…69108165662027013119
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
4
2^3 × origin − 1
6.971 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
69715819768215962639…38216331324054026239
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
5
2^4 × origin − 1
1.394 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
13943163953643192527…76432662648108052479
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
6
2^5 × origin − 1
2.788 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
27886327907286385055…52865325296216104959
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
7
2^6 × origin − 1
5.577 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
55772655814572770111…05730650592432209919
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
8
2^7 × origin − 1
1.115 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
11154531162914554022…11461301184864419839
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
9
2^8 × origin − 1
2.230 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
22309062325829108044…22922602369728839679
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
10
2^9 × origin − 1
4.461 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
44618124651658216089…45845204739457679359
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the First Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 1CC formula:

1CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ + 1, p₃ = 2p₂ + 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,674,182 XPM·at block #6,803,767 · updates every 60s
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