Block #330,508

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 12/26/2013, 5:28:25 PM · Difficulty 10.1694 · 6,478,904 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
685ccfdb9f7a9059b5ed8a65d69f0e73b5cfeed269ca9e2488f04b20ed5ba683

Height

#330,508

Difficulty

10.169352

Transactions

13

Size

3.41 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a2b5aae

Nonce

482,903

Timestamp

12/26/2013, 5:28:25 PM

Confirmations

6,478,904

Merkle Root

ec5b623809ea3fa580c5c62016ae35d110fa090d975145223aaf68c5f5da1afd
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.837 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
28372109766400337921…08741517646906509781
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
2.837 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
28372109766400337921…08741517646906509781
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
5.674 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
56744219532800675842…17483035293813019561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.134 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
11348843906560135168…34966070587626039121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
2.269 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
22697687813120270337…69932141175252078241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
4.539 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
45395375626240540674…39864282350504156481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
9.079 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
90790751252481081348…79728564701008312961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.815 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
18158150250496216269…59457129402016625921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
3.631 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
36316300500992432539…18914258804033251841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
7.263 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
72632601001984865078…37828517608066503681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
1.452 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
14526520200396973015…75657035216133007361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,719,371 XPM·at block #6,809,411 · updates every 60s
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