Block #326,268

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 12/23/2013, 4:15:57 PM · Difficulty 10.1927 · 6,481,863 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
101d87d875f3b0bb56f5d49ad90547fdb35012edeabe2fedc0c6f1352b70f66c

Height

#326,268

Difficulty

10.192703

Transactions

7

Size

2.42 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a3154f6

Nonce

19,363

Timestamp

12/23/2013, 4:15:57 PM

Confirmations

6,481,863

Merkle Root

95809c64873227f3fbcee9cf71f3ac18bdab9c82501c181a8d56f1293891dc6d
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.328 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
23286464153329386607…91732359686143594599
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
2.328 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
23286464153329386607…91732359686143594599
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
2.328 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
23286464153329386607…91732359686143594601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
4.657 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
46572928306658773215…83464719372287189199
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
4.657 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
46572928306658773215…83464719372287189201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
9.314 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
93145856613317546431…66929438744574378399
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
9.314 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
93145856613317546431…66929438744574378401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
1.862 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
18629171322663509286…33858877489148756799
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
1.862 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
18629171322663509286…33858877489148756801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
3.725 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
37258342645327018572…67717754978297513599
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
3.725 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
37258342645327018572…67717754978297513601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,709,089 XPM·at block #6,808,130 · updates every 60s
xpmprime.info is a work in progress. If you enjoy using this service you can support this project with a Primecoin donation.

Cookie Preferences

We use cookies to enhance your experience. Some are essential for the site to function, while others help us understand how you use the site.

·Privacy Policy