Block #325,561

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 12/23/2013, 3:56:17 AM · Difficulty 10.1979 · 6,480,355 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
3c5b477fea3bf41cf9245b2644539d2b03cfad53e1fee642fbb05c5c88f7c130

Height

#325,561

Difficulty

10.197884

Transactions

13

Size

3.36 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a32a88c

Nonce

93,249

Timestamp

12/23/2013, 3:56:17 AM

Confirmations

6,480,355

Merkle Root

239de111bea150e5f51988b3f72ad4f96f413f4558ee8375647e7a166aa2484b
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.719 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
27199916868546124839…35373513511348677121
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
2.719 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
27199916868546124839…35373513511348677121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
5.439 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
54399833737092249678…70747027022697354241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.087 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
10879966747418449935…41494054045394708481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
2.175 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
21759933494836899871…82988108090789416961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
4.351 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
43519866989673799742…65976216181578833921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
8.703 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
87039733979347599485…31952432363157667841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.740 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
17407946795869519897…63904864726315335681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
3.481 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
34815893591739039794…27809729452630671361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
6.963 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
69631787183478079588…55619458905261342721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
1.392 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
13926357436695615917…11238917810522685441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,691,418 XPM·at block #6,805,915 · updates every 60s
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