Block #325,140

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 12/22/2013, 7:56:25 PM · Difficulty 10.2071 · 6,479,114 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
673b547f07e5af22d9c2e4e80c30aa8a453c75eff9eb5428a1d45b14009b81b4

Height

#325,140

Difficulty

10.207122

Transactions

5

Size

1.51 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a3505ee

Nonce

87,436

Timestamp

12/22/2013, 7:56:25 PM

Confirmations

6,479,114

Merkle Root

54e6557336fcdb4636c6dd4f2f02fb622bfff1daed10bba8059072e9b479f5ed
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

3.918 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
39186289615624914789…57685983897373760001
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
3.918 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
39186289615624914789…57685983897373760001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
7.837 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
78372579231249829578…15371967794747520001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.567 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
15674515846249965915…30743935589495040001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
3.134 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
31349031692499931831…61487871178990080001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
6.269 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
62698063384999863662…22975742357980160001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
1.253 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
12539612676999972732…45951484715960320001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
2.507 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
25079225353999945465…91902969431920640001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
5.015 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
50158450707999890930…83805938863841280001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
1.003 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
10031690141599978186…67611877727682560001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
2.006 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
20063380283199956372…35223755455365120001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,678,086 XPM·at block #6,804,253 · updates every 60s
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