Block #3,245,369

TWNLength 11★★★☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 6/29/2019, 12:08:22 AM · Difficulty 11.0104 · 3,599,653 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
ca66b29b20ba6aa0f83b59de700822b4739b7e941fcd224e307300c8495137db

Height

#3,245,369

Difficulty

11.010428

Transactions

8

Size

2.10 KB

Version

2

Bits

0b02ab6d

Nonce

856,739,655

Timestamp

6/29/2019, 12:08:22 AM

Confirmations

3,599,653

Merkle Root

94f59f1291078710e68f9c5a9b1eb0daa038b52ba0a637fa8d77b57126429bdd
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.388 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
13889571546243660916…93710220386088140799
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
1.388 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
13889571546243660916…93710220386088140799
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
1.388 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
13889571546243660916…93710220386088140801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
2.777 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
27779143092487321833…87420440772176281599
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
2.777 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
27779143092487321833…87420440772176281601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
5.555 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
55558286184974643667…74840881544352563199
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
5.555 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
55558286184974643667…74840881544352563201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
1.111 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
11111657236994928733…49681763088705126399
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
1.111 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
11111657236994928733…49681763088705126401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
2.222 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
22223314473989857466…99363526177410252799
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
2.222 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
22223314473989857466…99363526177410252801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 5 — Twin Prime Pair (2^5 × origin ± 1)
2^5 × origin − 1
4.444 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
44446628947979714933…98727052354820505599
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 11 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★★☆☆
Rarity
RareChain length 11

Approximately 1 in 1,000 blocks. Noteworthy discoveries.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:58,004,600 XPM·at block #6,845,021 · updates every 60s
xpmprime.info is a work in progress. If you enjoy using this service you can support this project with a Primecoin donation.
Privacy Policy·

Cookie Preferences

We use cookies to enhance your experience. Some are essential for the site to function, while others help us understand how you use the site.

·Privacy Policy