1. #6,805,682TWN11 primes

    Bi-Twin · ⛏️ coinsforall.io

Block #324,267

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 12/22/2013, 5:17:10 AM · Difficulty 10.2079 · 6,481,416 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
254aff83b5ba6f1ad0356ccabef65420a439e90ee725509706da35376d963200

Height

#324,267

Difficulty

10.207927

Transactions

16

Size

4.15 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a353aaf

Nonce

36,068

Timestamp

12/22/2013, 5:17:10 AM

Confirmations

6,481,416

Merkle Root

6cc54587075b2e1589249a19906214b2b3af2d545c46c0f624766932479df161
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

5.282 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
52827391879653040922…88071598781909998079
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
5.282 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
52827391879653040922…88071598781909998079
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
5.282 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
52827391879653040922…88071598781909998081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
1.056 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
10565478375930608184…76143197563819996159
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
1.056 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
10565478375930608184…76143197563819996161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
2.113 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
21130956751861216368…52286395127639992319
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
2.113 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
21130956751861216368…52286395127639992321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
4.226 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
42261913503722432737…04572790255279984639
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
4.226 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
42261913503722432737…04572790255279984641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
8.452 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
84523827007444865475…09145580510559969279
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
8.452 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
84523827007444865475…09145580510559969281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,689,544 XPM·at block #6,805,682 · updates every 60s
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