Block #323,747

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 12/21/2013, 8:48:35 PM · Difficulty 10.2060 · 6,488,998 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
65d6c58d1669f8b572f93253118fffa0f158c91585fa8c39c7803ff9a3f778d7

Height

#323,747

Difficulty

10.206046

Transactions

4

Size

1.67 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a34bf6e

Nonce

48,272

Timestamp

12/21/2013, 8:48:35 PM

Confirmations

6,488,998

Merkle Root

0a41451e5d95e8b55fada59374289387692201a95c56f3bd2c1ca85360148a2f
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.015 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
20156971589890929964…96411768125832358401
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
2.015 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
20156971589890929964…96411768125832358401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
4.031 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
40313943179781859929…92823536251664716801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
8.062 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
80627886359563719858…85647072503329433601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
1.612 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
16125577271912743971…71294145006658867201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
3.225 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
32251154543825487943…42588290013317734401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
6.450 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
64502309087650975886…85176580026635468801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.290 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
12900461817530195177…70353160053270937601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
2.580 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
25800923635060390354…40706320106541875201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
5.160 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
51601847270120780709…81412640213083750401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
1.032 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
10320369454024156141…62825280426167500801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,746,003 XPM·at block #6,812,744 · updates every 60s
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