Block #322,705

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 12/21/2013, 4:51:21 AM · Difficulty 10.1926 · 6,479,986 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
1284e30b75ed204c1fce014e30b2e0088988ae8443c85de0fd4d203dd6e63059

Height

#322,705

Difficulty

10.192597

Transactions

22

Size

8.01 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a314e04

Nonce

362,854

Timestamp

12/21/2013, 4:51:21 AM

Confirmations

6,479,986

Merkle Root

c45878fc61704e5be98a0b4278256079e59117670d6a4b34ef50407d8277c8b8
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

3.175 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
31759142102396688720…93028318262684178721
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
3.175 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
31759142102396688720…93028318262684178721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
6.351 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
63518284204793377441…86056636525368357441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.270 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
12703656840958675488…72113273050736714881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
2.540 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
25407313681917350976…44226546101473429761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
5.081 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
50814627363834701953…88453092202946859521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
1.016 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
10162925472766940390…76906184405893719041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
2.032 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
20325850945533880781…53812368811787438081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
4.065 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
40651701891067761562…07624737623574876161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
8.130 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
81303403782135523125…15249475247149752321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
1.626 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
16260680756427104625…30498950494299504641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,665,551 XPM·at block #6,802,690 · updates every 60s
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