Block #321,261

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 12/20/2013, 5:05:40 AM · Difficulty 10.1889 · 6,494,787 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
0075fb3df7252e44d42ce2abb45390d7f8c32076c45c74ff082c955855c40b6f

Height

#321,261

Difficulty

10.188868

Transactions

19

Size

7.38 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a3059a6

Nonce

11,287

Timestamp

12/20/2013, 5:05:40 AM

Confirmations

6,494,787

Merkle Root

e9093facb76d49c23b1d1068f19c7d0be086ab49d864335041c14d669fb585ea
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.656 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
26568518576736224589…43981794014112709121
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
2.656 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
26568518576736224589…43981794014112709121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
5.313 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
53137037153472449179…87963588028225418241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.062 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
10627407430694489835…75927176056450836481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
2.125 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
21254814861388979671…51854352112901672961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
4.250 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
42509629722777959343…03708704225803345921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
8.501 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
85019259445555918686…07417408451606691841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.700 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
17003851889111183737…14834816903213383681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
3.400 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
34007703778222367474…29669633806426767361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
6.801 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
68015407556444734949…59339267612853534721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
1.360 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
13603081511288946989…18678535225707069441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,772,500 XPM·at block #6,816,047 · updates every 60s
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