Block #320,868

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 12/19/2013, 11:00:07 PM · Difficulty 10.1846 · 6,474,068 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
d158146c2b2d243311d8207c64cb555b225f31fc3279c971b6a483bf8b56b904

Height

#320,868

Difficulty

10.184631

Transactions

7

Size

3.02 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a2f43f5

Nonce

221,916

Timestamp

12/19/2013, 11:00:07 PM

Confirmations

6,474,068

Merkle Root

5163cca94c9702949c31d71bdcd035d23d6e2328d6d066c76ebbe8a0307f2cb0
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

5.377 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
53771594134907283565…08503629043442483201
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
5.377 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
53771594134907283565…08503629043442483201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.075 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
10754318826981456713…17007258086884966401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
2.150 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
21508637653962913426…34014516173769932801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
4.301 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
43017275307925826852…68029032347539865601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
8.603 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
86034550615851653704…36058064695079731201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
1.720 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
17206910123170330740…72116129390159462401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
3.441 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
34413820246340661481…44232258780318924801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
6.882 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
68827640492681322963…88464517560637849601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
1.376 × 10¹⁰⁵(106-digit number)
13765528098536264592…76929035121275699201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
2.753 × 10¹⁰⁵(106-digit number)
27531056197072529185…53858070242551398401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,603,522 XPM·at block #6,794,935 · updates every 60s
xpmprime.info is a work in progress. If you enjoy using this service you can support this project with a Primecoin donation.