Block #318,952

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 12/18/2013, 5:16:14 PM · Difficulty 10.1624 · 6,474,567 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
534e68b6dc4f79ad6d84fdffd0c914c8749ef7cc3c303951fb6711b32baa913a

Height

#318,952

Difficulty

10.162437

Transactions

23

Size

13.38 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a299580

Nonce

20,099

Timestamp

12/18/2013, 5:16:14 PM

Confirmations

6,474,567

Merkle Root

0389eab828a4e137ec8d84ca6b49e2503edc39396c5414b2df9f5c3f7ad71321
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.310 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
13100148111609732554…88390795991477670401
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
1.310 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
13100148111609732554…88390795991477670401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
2.620 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
26200296223219465108…76781591982955340801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
5.240 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
52400592446438930216…53563183965910681601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
1.048 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
10480118489287786043…07126367931821363201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
2.096 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
20960236978575572086…14252735863642726401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
4.192 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
41920473957151144173…28505471727285452801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
8.384 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
83840947914302288346…57010943454570905601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.676 × 10¹⁰⁵(106-digit number)
16768189582860457669…14021886909141811201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
3.353 × 10¹⁰⁵(106-digit number)
33536379165720915338…28043773818283622401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
6.707 × 10¹⁰⁵(106-digit number)
67072758331441830676…56087547636567244801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,592,144 XPM·at block #6,793,518 · updates every 60s
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