Block #318,588

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 12/18/2013, 11:26:53 AM · Difficulty 10.1607 · 6,505,906 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
9c39707e50256d23667e5fa43f9f7c723d13e01ede40a52c74bed900e670b479

Height

#318,588

Difficulty

10.160696

Transactions

18

Size

71.37 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a292364

Nonce

81,496

Timestamp

12/18/2013, 11:26:53 AM

Confirmations

6,505,906

Merkle Root

d7dd4ace5046d88d3285c9065e34b9b658212f407621b0dfceb631a13a08fbdf
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.540 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
25409409243180587970…86170945134591492981
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
2.540 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
25409409243180587970…86170945134591492981
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
5.081 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
50818818486361175940…72341890269182985961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.016 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
10163763697272235188…44683780538365971921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
2.032 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
20327527394544470376…89367561076731943841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
4.065 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
40655054789088940752…78735122153463887681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
8.131 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
81310109578177881505…57470244306927775361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.626 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
16262021915635576301…14940488613855550721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
3.252 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
32524043831271152602…29880977227711101441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
6.504 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
65048087662542305204…59761954455422202881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
1.300 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
13009617532508461040…19523908910844405761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,840,024 XPM·at block #6,824,493 · updates every 60s
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