Block #318,526

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 12/18/2013, 10:17:28 AM · Difficulty 10.1606 · 6,484,752 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
b27c554f66faf4e2a1a6ff0eaa5448dbc083ec0f02f8efe0e321a6ad3ac33009

Height

#318,526

Difficulty

10.160585

Transactions

17

Size

6.21 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a291c16

Nonce

77,702

Timestamp

12/18/2013, 10:17:28 AM

Confirmations

6,484,752

Merkle Root

7d59f063a6c31edc9473dac5d00b22f7024ded4d5002f4cd6a5673a7ef1aae8e
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.013 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
10139598114337111009…32405576839404257281
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
1.013 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
10139598114337111009…32405576839404257281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
2.027 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
20279196228674222019…64811153678808514561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
4.055 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
40558392457348444039…29622307357617029121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
8.111 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
81116784914696888079…59244614715234058241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.622 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
16223356982939377615…18489229430468116481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
3.244 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
32446713965878755231…36978458860936232961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
6.489 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
64893427931757510463…73956917721872465921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.297 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
12978685586351502092…47913835443744931841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
2.595 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
25957371172703004185…95827670887489863681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
5.191 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
51914742345406008370…91655341774979727361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,670,250 XPM·at block #6,803,277 · updates every 60s
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