Block #317,092

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 12/17/2013, 11:01:32 AM · Difficulty 10.1535 · 6,479,010 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
8e1cbf4a94b2088a6a52f2f217f727f4037506cf9e23685d8c46cc7b7adcb1c1

Height

#317,092

Difficulty

10.153482

Transactions

12

Size

6.09 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a274a9f

Nonce

15,627

Timestamp

12/17/2013, 11:01:32 AM

Confirmations

6,479,010

Merkle Root

08dbab559a92a415f8c6c5650dde2bd70bc5f2b9b2c296cd9ba1a62d720d8976
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.134 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
21349933275996630099…08116085343058970721
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
2.134 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
21349933275996630099…08116085343058970721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
4.269 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
42699866551993260198…16232170686117941441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
8.539 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
85399733103986520397…32464341372235882881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
1.707 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
17079946620797304079…64928682744471765761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
3.415 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
34159893241594608158…29857365488943531521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
6.831 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
68319786483189216317…59714730977887063041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.366 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
13663957296637843263…19429461955774126081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
2.732 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
27327914593275686527…38858923911548252161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
5.465 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
54655829186551373054…77717847823096504321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
1.093 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
10931165837310274610…55435695646193008641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,612,809 XPM·at block #6,796,101 · updates every 60s
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