Block #315,562

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 12/16/2013, 2:01:11 PM · Difficulty 10.1064 · 6,492,332 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
f8c5ebf5834f8b0e76608347d102e3f0177900e5ea5e4e5088ace799bc8fbca2

Height

#315,562

Difficulty

10.106439

Transactions

6

Size

1.88 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a1b3f98

Nonce

3,708

Timestamp

12/16/2013, 2:01:11 PM

Confirmations

6,492,332

Merkle Root

4e3aa663aa41cdbe18cb5ad0a1f9b4c52fc82f073749ecf3494707aa32e9d0a2
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

5.368 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
53683621695079672256…06477931312261985281
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
5.368 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
53683621695079672256…06477931312261985281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.073 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
10736724339015934451…12955862624523970561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
2.147 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
21473448678031868902…25911725249047941121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
4.294 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
42946897356063737804…51823450498095882241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
8.589 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
85893794712127475609…03646900996191764481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
1.717 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
17178758942425495121…07293801992383528961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
3.435 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
34357517884850990243…14587603984767057921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
6.871 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
68715035769701980487…29175207969534115841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
1.374 × 10¹⁰⁵(106-digit number)
13743007153940396097…58350415939068231681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
2.748 × 10¹⁰⁵(106-digit number)
27486014307880792195…16700831878136463361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,707,184 XPM·at block #6,807,893 · updates every 60s
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