Block #315,538

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 12/16/2013, 1:45:12 PM · Difficulty 10.1050 · 6,488,172 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
a255d5b52d9c2a8edf1bce658d1884c7e5f9836f304790c51081f6d1bf55aa7b

Height

#315,538

Difficulty

10.105016

Transactions

10

Size

6.92 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a1ae254

Nonce

31,221

Timestamp

12/16/2013, 1:45:12 PM

Confirmations

6,488,172

Merkle Root

874321b1d18df94862a46a9c7845e022ecb695e11346b66513e2b14f63aafddc
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

4.944 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
49447779831684168470…84738011774715327361
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
4.944 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
49447779831684168470…84738011774715327361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
9.889 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
98895559663368336941…69476023549430654721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.977 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
19779111932673667388…38952047098861309441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
3.955 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
39558223865347334776…77904094197722618881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
7.911 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
79116447730694669553…55808188395445237761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
1.582 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
15823289546138933910…11616376790890475521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
3.164 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
31646579092277867821…23232753581780951041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
6.329 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
63293158184555735642…46465507163561902081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
1.265 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
12658631636911147128…92931014327123804161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
2.531 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
25317263273822294257…85862028654247608321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,673,720 XPM·at block #6,803,709 · updates every 60s
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