Block #315,388

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 12/16/2013, 11:56:17 AM · Difficulty 10.0978 · 6,489,885 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
7478053441c0d7a05512a6bd2ac1179fdd6beb62ffd2941978ef19ea088bb778

Height

#315,388

Difficulty

10.097848

Transactions

8

Size

5.69 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a190c92

Nonce

58,173

Timestamp

12/16/2013, 11:56:17 AM

Confirmations

6,489,885

Merkle Root

67d21cb23fb569a912c4dd5e43c947eed44dc036fc61a044073f17dec01ab82c
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.039 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
20394183766904801524…73680596137059594241
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
2.039 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
20394183766904801524…73680596137059594241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
4.078 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
40788367533809603049…47361192274119188481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
8.157 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
81576735067619206099…94722384548238376961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
1.631 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
16315347013523841219…89444769096476753921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
3.263 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
32630694027047682439…78889538192953507841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
6.526 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
65261388054095364879…57779076385907015681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.305 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
13052277610819072975…15558152771814031361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
2.610 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
26104555221638145951…31116305543628062721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
5.220 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
52209110443276291903…62232611087256125441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
1.044 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
10441822088655258380…24465222174512250881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,686,255 XPM·at block #6,805,272 · updates every 60s
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