Block #3,153,610

2CCLength 11★★★☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 4/24/2019, 4:20:23 PM · Difficulty 11.3178 · 3,684,806 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
4bfa21a95f7335210e2e9baab31bf02936527fbef1675325980476101844c2e2

Height

#3,153,610

Difficulty

11.317828

Transactions

2

Size

3.03 KB

Version

2

Bits

0b515d26

Nonce

976,450,044

Timestamp

4/24/2019, 4:20:23 PM

Confirmations

3,684,806

Merkle Root

388e017fac7b4ff04c02e2c140c5973e3a49ad441adf0c178668b5290249f617
Transactions (2)
1 in → 1 out7.8200 XPM110 B
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.052 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
10521783212239721671…31359102915696245921
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
1.052 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
10521783212239721671…31359102915696245921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
2.104 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
21043566424479443342…62718205831392491841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
4.208 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
42087132848958886684…25436411662784983681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
8.417 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
84174265697917773368…50872823325569967361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.683 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
16834853139583554673…01745646651139934721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
3.366 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
33669706279167109347…03491293302279869441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
6.733 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
67339412558334218695…06982586604559738881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.346 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
13467882511666843739…13965173209119477761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
2.693 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
26935765023333687478…27930346418238955521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
5.387 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
53871530046667374956…55860692836477911041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
11
2^10 × origin + 1
1.077 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
10774306009333474991…11721385672955822081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 11 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★★☆☆
Rarity
RareChain length 11

Approximately 1 in 1,000 blocks. Noteworthy discoveries.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,951,601 XPM·at block #6,838,415 · updates every 60s
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